AMERICAN GOVERNMENT /美国政府
A. Principals of American Democracy / 美国民主原则
1. What is the supreme law of the land? / 美国的最高法律是什么?
答:The Constitution / 宪法
2. What does the Constitution do? / 宪法的作用是什么?
答:Sets up the government / 建立政府体制
答:Defines the government / 定义政府规范
答:Protects basic rights of Americans / 保护美国人的基本权利
3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? / 宪法的前三个字说明自治的概念。这三个字是什么?
答:We the People / 我们人民
4. What is an amendment? / 什么是修正案?
答:A change (to the Constitution) / (宪法的)更正
答:An addition (to the Constitution) / (宪法的)补充
5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? / 宪法的前十项修正案称为什么?
答:The Bill of Rights / 民权法案
6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? / 宪法第一条修正案中的一项权利或自由是什么?
答:Speech / 言论自由
答:Religion / 宗教自由
答:Assembly / 集会结社的自由
答:Press / 出版自由
答:Petition the government / 向政府请愿的自由
7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? / 宪法有几条修正案?
答:Twenty-seven (27) / 二十七 (27) 条
8. What did the Declaration of Independence do? / 《独立宣言》的作用是什么?
答:Announced our independence (from Great Britain) / 宣布美国(脱离英国而)独立
答:Declared our independence (from Great Britain) / 宣告美国(脱离英国而)独立
答:Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) / 表示美国(脱离英国而)独立
9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? / 列举《独立宣言》中的两项权利?
答:Life / 生命(的权利)
答:Liberty / 自由(的权利)
答:Pursuit of happiness / 追求幸福(的权利)
10. What is freedom of religion? / 什么是宗教自由?
答:You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. / 你可以信仰任何宗教,也可以不信仰任何宗教。
11. What is the economic system in the United States? / 美国的经济制度是什么?
答:Capitalist economy / 资本主义经济
答:Market economy / 市场经济
12. What is the “rule of law”? / “法治”是什么?
答:Everyone must follow the law / 人人都应遵守法律
答:Leaders must obey the law / 领导人必须遵守法律
答:Government must obey the law / 政府必须遵守法律
答:No one is above the law / 没有任何人在法律之上
B. System of Government/政府体制
13. Name one branch or part of the government. / 列举政府体制的一个分支或部门
答:Congress / 国会
答:Legislative / 立法部门
答:President / 总统
答:Executive / 行政部门
答:The courts / 法院
答:Judicial / 司法部门
14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? / 什么防止一个政府分支变得过于强大?
答:Checks and balances / 制衡
答:Separation of powers / 权力分立
15. Who is in charge of the executive / 谁负责行政部门?
答:The President / 总统
16. Who makes federal laws? / 谁制定联邦法律?
答:Congress / 国会
答:Senate and House (of Representatives) / 参议院和众议院
答:(U.S. or national) legislature / (美国或国家)立法部门
17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? / 美国国会由哪两个部分组成?
答:The Senate and House (of Representatives) / 参议院与众议院
18. How many U.S. Senators are there? / 美国参议员有几位?
答:One hundred (100) / 一百(100) 位
19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? / 我们选出的美国参议员任职多少年?
答:Six (6) / 六年
20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators? / 您所在州的现任一位美国参议员的名字是什么?
答:请点击查看您所在州的现任参议员。
21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members? / 众议院中有投票权的众议员有几位?
答:Four hundred thirty-five (435) / 四百三十五 (435) 位
22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? / 我们选出的美国众议员任职多少年?
答:Two (2) / 两(2)年
23. Name your U.S. Representative. / 列举您所在选区的美国众议员的名字
答:请点击查看您所在州的议员名字。
24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? / 美国参议员代表何人?
答:All people of the state / 所在州的所有人民
25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? / 为什么有些州的众议员人数比其他州多?
答:(because of) the state’s population / (由于)该州的人口
答:(because) they have more people / (由于)该州有更多人口
答:(because) some states have more people / (由于)该州的人口比其他州多
26. We elect a President for how many years? / 我们选出的总统任职多少年?
答:Four (4) / 四(4) 年
27. In what month do we vote for President? / 我们在哪一个月份选总统?
答:November / 十一月
28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?/现任美国总统的名字是什么?
答:Joe Biden / 乔·拜登
29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?/现任美国副总统的名字是什么?
答:Kamala Harris / 贺锦丽
30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统不能视事,则由谁成为总统?
答:the Vice President / 副总统
31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? / 如果总统和副总统都不能视事,则由谁成为总统?
答:the Speaker of the House / 众议院议长
32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the Military? / 谁是三军统帅?
答:The President / 总统
33. Who signs bills to become laws? / 谁签署法案使之成为法律?
答:The President / 总统
34. Who vetoes bills? / 谁否决法案?
答:The President / 总统
35. What does the President’s Cabinet do? / 总统的内阁做什么事?
答:Advises the President / 向总统提出建议
36. What are two Cabinet-level positions? / 两个内阁级别的职位是什么?
答:Secretary of Agriculture / 农业部长
答:Secretary of Commerce / 商务部长
答:Secretary of Defense / 国防部长
答:Secretary of Education / 教育部长
答:Secretary of Energy / 能源部长
答:Secretary of Health and Human / 健康与人类服务部长
答:Secretary of Homeland Security / 国土安全部长
答:Secretary of Housing and Urban / 住宅与都市发展部长
答:Secretary of Interior / 内政部长
答:Secretary of State / 国务卿
答:Secretary of Transportation / 交通部长
答:Secretary of Treasury / 财政部长
答:Secretary of Veterans’ Affairs / 退伍军人事务部长
答:Secretary of Labor / 劳工部长
答:Attorney General / 司法部长
答:Vice President / 副总统
37. Does the judicial branch do? / 司法部门做什么?
答:Reviews laws / 审查法律
答:Explains laws / 解释法律
答:Resolves disputes (disagreements) / 解决争论(意见不一致)
答:Decides if a law goes against the Constitution / 决定某一法律是否抵触宪法
38. What is the highest court in the United States? / 美国最高法院是什么?
答:The Supreme Court / 联邦最高法院
39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? / 最高法院有几位大法官?
答:Nine (9) / 9 位
40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States? / 美国首席大法官是谁?
答:John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.) / 约翰‧罗伯兹(小约翰G.罗伯兹)
41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? / 根据我国宪法,有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么?
答:To print money / 印制钞票
答:To declare war / 宣战
答:To create an army / 创立军队
答:To make treaties / 签订条约
42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? / 根据我国宪法,有些权力属于州政府。州政府的一项权力是什么?
答:Provide schooling and education / 提供学校及教育
答:provide protection (police) / 提供保护(警察)
答:Provide safety (fire departments) / 提供安全(消防局)
答:Give a driver’s license / 核发驾驶执照
答:Approve zoning and land use / 批准区划与土地使用
43. Who is the Governor of your state? / 您居住州的现任州长是谁?
答:请点击查看您所在州的现任州长。
44. What is the capital of your state? / 你所在州的首府为何?
答:请点击查看你所在州的首府。
45. What are the two major political parties in the United States? / 美国当今两大政党为何?
答:Democratic and Republican / 民主党和共和党
46. What is the political party of the President now? /现任总统属于哪个政党?
答:Democratic (Party) / 民主党
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? / 众议院的议长是谁?
答:Nancy Pelosi / 南希·佩洛西
C. Rights and Responsibilities/权力与责任
48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them./宪法中有四个关于谁可以投票的修正案。试举一个。
答:Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote) / 十八(18)岁以上的公民(可以投票)
答:You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote / 您投票不必缴钱(缴投票税)
答:Any citizen can vote (Women and men can vote) / 任何公民都可以投票(男性与女性都可以投票)
答:A male citizen of any race (can vote) / 任何种族的男性公民 (都可以投票)
49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? / 列举一项美国公民才有的责任?
答:Serve on a jury / 当陪审员
答:Vote / 在联邦选举中投票
50. Name one right only for United States citizens / 列举一项美国公民才享有的权利
答:Vote in a federal election / 在联邦选举中投票的权利
答:Run for federal office / 竞选公职的权利
51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? / 每一个住在美国的人享有的两项权利是什么?
答:Freedom of expression / 表达自由
答:Freedom of speech / 言论自由
答:Freedom of assembly / 集会结社的自由
答:Freedom to petition the government / 向政府请愿自由
答:Freedom of worship / 宗教崇拜的自由
答:The right to bear arms / 持有武器的自由
52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? / 当我们宣誓效忠时,是向什么表达忠诚?
答:the United States / 美利坚合众国
答:The flag / 国旗
53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? / 当您成为美国公民时做出的一项承诺是什么?
答:Give up loyalty to other countries / 放弃效忠其他国家
答:Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States / 护卫美国的宪法及法律
答:Obey the laws of the United States / 遵守美国的法律
答:Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) / (必要时)加入美国军队
答:Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) / (必要时)为国效劳(为国做重要工作)
答:Be loyal to the United States / 效忠美国
54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? / 美国公民必须几岁才能投票选举总统?
答:Eighteen (18) and older / 十八 (18)岁以上
55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? / 美国人参与民主政治的两种方法是什么?
答:Vote / 投票
答:Join a political party / 加入政党
答:Help with a campaign / 协助竞选活动
答:Join a civic group / 加入公民团体
答:Join a community group / 加入小区团体
答:Give an elected official your opinion on an issue / 向民选官员提供自己对某项议题的意见。
答:Call Senators and Representatives / 拨电给参议员和众议员
答:Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy / 公开支持或反对某个议题或政策
答:Run for office / 竞选公职
答:Write to a newspaper / 向报社投函
56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? / 寄送联邦所得税表的截止日期是哪一天?
答:(每年的)4月15日
57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? / 所有男性到了哪个年龄必须注册兵役登记?
答:At age eighteen (18) / 年满十八(18)岁时
答:Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) / 十八(18)岁至二十六(26)岁之间
1. What is the supreme law of the land? / 美国的最高法律是什么?
答:The Constitution / 宪法
2. What does the Constitution do? / 宪法的作用是什么?
答:Sets up the government / 建立政府体制
答:Defines the government / 定义政府规范
答:Protects basic rights of Americans / 保护美国人的基本权利
3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? / 宪法的前三个字说明自治的概念。这三个字是什么?
答:We the People / 我们人民
4. What is an amendment? / 什么是修正案?
答:A change (to the Constitution) / (宪法的)更正
答:An addition (to the Constitution) / (宪法的)补充
5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? / 宪法的前十项修正案称为什么?
答:The Bill of Rights / 民权法案
6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? / 宪法第一条修正案中的一项权利或自由是什么?
答:Speech / 言论自由
答:Religion / 宗教自由
答:Assembly / 集会结社的自由
答:Press / 出版自由
答:Petition the government / 向政府请愿的自由
7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? / 宪法有几条修正案?
答:Twenty-seven (27) / 二十七 (27) 条
8. What did the Declaration of Independence do? / 《独立宣言》的作用是什么?
答:Announced our independence (from Great Britain) / 宣布美国(脱离英国而)独立
答:Declared our independence (from Great Britain) / 宣告美国(脱离英国而)独立
答:Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) / 表示美国(脱离英国而)独立
9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? / 列举《独立宣言》中的两项权利?
答:Life / 生命(的权利)
答:Liberty / 自由(的权利)
答:Pursuit of happiness / 追求幸福(的权利)
10. What is freedom of religion? / 什么是宗教自由?
答:You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. / 你可以信仰任何宗教,也可以不信仰任何宗教。
11. What is the economic system in the United States? / 美国的经济制度是什么?
答:Capitalist economy / 资本主义经济
答:Market economy / 市场经济
12. What is the “rule of law”? / “法治”是什么?
答:Everyone must follow the law / 人人都应遵守法律
答:Leaders must obey the law / 领导人必须遵守法律
答:Government must obey the law / 政府必须遵守法律
答:No one is above the law / 没有任何人在法律之上
B. System of Government/政府体制
13. Name one branch or part of the government. / 列举政府体制的一个分支或部门
答:Congress / 国会
答:Legislative / 立法部门
答:President / 总统
答:Executive / 行政部门
答:The courts / 法院
答:Judicial / 司法部门
14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? / 什么防止一个政府分支变得过于强大?
答:Checks and balances / 制衡
答:Separation of powers / 权力分立
15. Who is in charge of the executive / 谁负责行政部门?
答:The President / 总统
16. Who makes federal laws? / 谁制定联邦法律?
答:Congress / 国会
答:Senate and House (of Representatives) / 参议院和众议院
答:(U.S. or national) legislature / (美国或国家)立法部门
17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress? / 美国国会由哪两个部分组成?
答:The Senate and House (of Representatives) / 参议院与众议院
18. How many U.S. Senators are there? / 美国参议员有几位?
答:One hundred (100) / 一百(100) 位
19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? / 我们选出的美国参议员任职多少年?
答:Six (6) / 六年
20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators? / 您所在州的现任一位美国参议员的名字是什么?
答:请点击查看您所在州的现任参议员。
21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members? / 众议院中有投票权的众议员有几位?
答:Four hundred thirty-five (435) / 四百三十五 (435) 位
22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? / 我们选出的美国众议员任职多少年?
答:Two (2) / 两(2)年
23. Name your U.S. Representative. / 列举您所在选区的美国众议员的名字
答:请点击查看您所在州的议员名字。
24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? / 美国参议员代表何人?
答:All people of the state / 所在州的所有人民
25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? / 为什么有些州的众议员人数比其他州多?
答:(because of) the state’s population / (由于)该州的人口
答:(because) they have more people / (由于)该州有更多人口
答:(because) some states have more people / (由于)该州的人口比其他州多
26. We elect a President for how many years? / 我们选出的总统任职多少年?
答:Four (4) / 四(4) 年
27. In what month do we vote for President? / 我们在哪一个月份选总统?
答:November / 十一月
28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?/现任美国总统的名字是什么?
答:Joe Biden / 乔·拜登
29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?/现任美国副总统的名字是什么?
答:Kamala Harris / 贺锦丽
30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统不能视事,则由谁成为总统?
答:the Vice President / 副总统
31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? / 如果总统和副总统都不能视事,则由谁成为总统?
答:the Speaker of the House / 众议院议长
32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the Military? / 谁是三军统帅?
答:The President / 总统
33. Who signs bills to become laws? / 谁签署法案使之成为法律?
答:The President / 总统
34. Who vetoes bills? / 谁否决法案?
答:The President / 总统
35. What does the President’s Cabinet do? / 总统的内阁做什么事?
答:Advises the President / 向总统提出建议
36. What are two Cabinet-level positions? / 两个内阁级别的职位是什么?
答:Secretary of Agriculture / 农业部长
答:Secretary of Commerce / 商务部长
答:Secretary of Defense / 国防部长
答:Secretary of Education / 教育部长
答:Secretary of Energy / 能源部长
答:Secretary of Health and Human / 健康与人类服务部长
答:Secretary of Homeland Security / 国土安全部长
答:Secretary of Housing and Urban / 住宅与都市发展部长
答:Secretary of Interior / 内政部长
答:Secretary of State / 国务卿
答:Secretary of Transportation / 交通部长
答:Secretary of Treasury / 财政部长
答:Secretary of Veterans’ Affairs / 退伍军人事务部长
答:Secretary of Labor / 劳工部长
答:Attorney General / 司法部长
答:Vice President / 副总统
37. Does the judicial branch do? / 司法部门做什么?
答:Reviews laws / 审查法律
答:Explains laws / 解释法律
答:Resolves disputes (disagreements) / 解决争论(意见不一致)
答:Decides if a law goes against the Constitution / 决定某一法律是否抵触宪法
38. What is the highest court in the United States? / 美国最高法院是什么?
答:The Supreme Court / 联邦最高法院
39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? / 最高法院有几位大法官?
答:Nine (9) / 9 位
40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States? / 美国首席大法官是谁?
答:John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.) / 约翰‧罗伯兹(小约翰G.罗伯兹)
41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? / 根据我国宪法,有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么?
答:To print money / 印制钞票
答:To declare war / 宣战
答:To create an army / 创立军队
答:To make treaties / 签订条约
42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? / 根据我国宪法,有些权力属于州政府。州政府的一项权力是什么?
答:Provide schooling and education / 提供学校及教育
答:provide protection (police) / 提供保护(警察)
答:Provide safety (fire departments) / 提供安全(消防局)
答:Give a driver’s license / 核发驾驶执照
答:Approve zoning and land use / 批准区划与土地使用
43. Who is the Governor of your state? / 您居住州的现任州长是谁?
答:请点击查看您所在州的现任州长。
44. What is the capital of your state? / 你所在州的首府为何?
答:请点击查看你所在州的首府。
45. What are the two major political parties in the United States? / 美国当今两大政党为何?
答:Democratic and Republican / 民主党和共和党
46. What is the political party of the President now? /现任总统属于哪个政党?
答:Democratic (Party) / 民主党
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? / 众议院的议长是谁?
答:Nancy Pelosi / 南希·佩洛西
C. Rights and Responsibilities/权力与责任
48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them./宪法中有四个关于谁可以投票的修正案。试举一个。
答:Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote) / 十八(18)岁以上的公民(可以投票)
答:You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote / 您投票不必缴钱(缴投票税)
答:Any citizen can vote (Women and men can vote) / 任何公民都可以投票(男性与女性都可以投票)
答:A male citizen of any race (can vote) / 任何种族的男性公民 (都可以投票)
49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? / 列举一项美国公民才有的责任?
答:Serve on a jury / 当陪审员
答:Vote / 在联邦选举中投票
50. Name one right only for United States citizens / 列举一项美国公民才享有的权利
答:Vote in a federal election / 在联邦选举中投票的权利
答:Run for federal office / 竞选公职的权利
51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? / 每一个住在美国的人享有的两项权利是什么?
答:Freedom of expression / 表达自由
答:Freedom of speech / 言论自由
答:Freedom of assembly / 集会结社的自由
答:Freedom to petition the government / 向政府请愿自由
答:Freedom of worship / 宗教崇拜的自由
答:The right to bear arms / 持有武器的自由
52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? / 当我们宣誓效忠时,是向什么表达忠诚?
答:the United States / 美利坚合众国
答:The flag / 国旗
53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? / 当您成为美国公民时做出的一项承诺是什么?
答:Give up loyalty to other countries / 放弃效忠其他国家
答:Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States / 护卫美国的宪法及法律
答:Obey the laws of the United States / 遵守美国的法律
答:Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) / (必要时)加入美国军队
答:Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) / (必要时)为国效劳(为国做重要工作)
答:Be loyal to the United States / 效忠美国
54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? / 美国公民必须几岁才能投票选举总统?
答:Eighteen (18) and older / 十八 (18)岁以上
55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? / 美国人参与民主政治的两种方法是什么?
答:Vote / 投票
答:Join a political party / 加入政党
答:Help with a campaign / 协助竞选活动
答:Join a civic group / 加入公民团体
答:Join a community group / 加入小区团体
答:Give an elected official your opinion on an issue / 向民选官员提供自己对某项议题的意见。
答:Call Senators and Representatives / 拨电给参议员和众议员
答:Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy / 公开支持或反对某个议题或政策
答:Run for office / 竞选公职
答:Write to a newspaper / 向报社投函
56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? / 寄送联邦所得税表的截止日期是哪一天?
答:(每年的)4月15日
57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? / 所有男性到了哪个年龄必须注册兵役登记?
答:At age eighteen (18) / 年满十八(18)岁时
答:Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) / 十八(18)岁至二十六(26)岁之间